Introduction
Tube-à-Manchette (TAM) grouting is a widely used technique in ground improvement, seepage control, and foundation stabilization. Beyond its technical effectiveness, TAM grouting offers notable economic and environmental advantages compared to traditional soil stabilization methods. Its precise application, adaptability to urban sites, and reduced material usage make it an efficient and sustainable solution in geotechnical engineering projects.
1. Economic Benefits
1.1 Reduced Material Usage
- TAM grouting targets specific zones with high precision, minimizing over-grouting.
- Optimized grout volumes reduce costs associated with cement, chemical additives, and pumping energy.
1.2 Shorter Construction Time
- Stage grouting and targeted injections allow faster treatment of critical areas compared to blanket soil replacement or deep mixing.
- Reduced project duration decreases labor and equipment rental costs.
1.3 Minimization of Excavation and Dewatering Costs
- By stabilizing soil in situ, TAM grouting reduces the need for large-scale excavation or extensive dewatering.
- Particularly beneficial in urban or high water table areas, lowering associated civil and pumping costs.
1.4 Reduced Risk of Structural Damage
- Pre-grouting of soils prevents settlement or heave that could affect adjacent structures.
- Avoiding damage mitigates costly remedial works and insurance claims.
2. Environmental Benefits
2.1 Minimal Disturbance to Surroundings
- TAM grouting requires small boreholes and precise injections, producing less noise and vibration than deep excavation or jet grouting.
- Suitable for urban construction sites, reducing impact on nearby residents and infrastructure.
2.2 Reduced Waste Generation
- Targeted grouting generates minimal spoil and waste slurry, unlike large-scale soil replacement or chemical stabilization methods.
- Decreases environmental contamination and reduces disposal costs.
2.3 Lower Carbon Footprint
- Optimized grout volumes and reduced excavation activity result in less energy consumption and CO₂ emissions.
- Use of microfine cement or blended cements can further reduce environmental impact.
2.4 Preservation of Natural Ground Conditions
- TAM grouting stabilizes soil in situ, maintaining groundwater flow and natural soil structure where possible.
- Minimizes ecological disruption, especially in sensitive areas near rivers, wetlands, or urban landscapes.
3. Case Examples
3.1 Metro Tunnel Projects in Europe
- Targeted TAM grouting reduced groundwater inflow while minimizing settlement.
- Resulted in significant savings on dewatering and excavation costs and reduced urban disruption.
3.2 Urban Basement Excavations
- Pre-grouting beneath deep basement foundations prevented soil movement.
- Avoided costly remedial works on adjacent structures and limited material waste.
3.3 Dam and Hydraulic Structures
- TAM grouting formed impermeable cut-off curtains, reducing seepage without extensive excavation.
- Lowered both construction and environmental mitigation costs compared to conventional cut-off walls.
4. Summary of Benefits
| Aspect | Economic Benefits | Environmental Benefits |
| Material Use | Reduced grout consumption | Minimal waste production |
| Construction Time | Faster treatment of critical zones | Lower disturbance to surroundings |
| Structural Safety | Prevents settlement and remedial costs | Preserves natural soil and groundwater |
| Energy Use | Less pumping and excavation | Reduced CO₂ emissions |
Conclusion
TAM grouting provides a cost-effective and environmentally sustainable solution for ground improvement and soil stabilization. By targeting specific treatment zones, reducing material use, minimizing waste, and preserving natural ground conditions, TAM grouting delivers both economic savings and ecological benefits. Its application in urban tunnels, deep foundations, dams, and other geotechnical projects demonstrates that precision grouting is not only technically effective but also aligns with sustainable engineering practices.
